Economics 12

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Chapter 1: Basic Concept of Economics and Allocation of Resources
Lesson No.Lesson NameExercise
1.Basic Concept of Economics and Allocation of ResourcesNotes
Chapter 2: Microeconomics
Lesson No.Lesson NameExercise
1.Market and Revenue CurvesNotes
2.Cost CurvesNotes
3.Theory of Price and Output DeterminationNotes
4.Factor PricingNotes
Chapter 3: Macroeconomics
Lesson No.Lesson NameExercise
1.Banking system and Monetary PolicyNotes
2.Government FinanceNotes
3.International TradeNotes
Chapter 4: Development Economics
Lesson No.Lesson NameExercise
1.Poverty, Inequality, Unemployment and Human ResourcesNotes
Chapter 5: Nepalese Economy
Lesson No.Lesson NameExercise
1.Nepalese Foreign Trade and Foreign EmploymentNotes
2.Development Plan in NepalNotes
3.Sustainable Development Goals and Nepal Notes
Chapter 6: Quantitative Techniques in Economics
Lesson No.Lesson NameExercise
1.Basic Concepts of Statistics Notes
2.Data CollectionNotes
3.Measures of DispersonNotes
4.Index NumberNotes
Syllabus :
  1. Basic Concepts of Economics and Allocation of Resources
    – Concept of Scarcity and Choice
    – Concept of Opportunity Cost
    – Production Possibility Curve: Shape and Shift
    – Concept of Allocation of Resources
    – Division of Labour and Specialization: Advantages and Disadvantages
    – Economics System: Types and Characteristics
  2. Market and Revenue Curves
    – Concept of Market: Perfect Competition, Monopoly Market, Monopolistic Market, Oligopoly Market)
    – Concept of Total Revenue, Average Revenue and Marginal Revenue
    – Derivation of Average Revenue and Marginal Revenue Curves from Total Revenue Curve under Perfect Competition and Monopoly.
    – Simple Numerical Illustrations
  3. Cost Curves
    – Concept of Explicit, Implicit, Fixed, Variable, Total, Average and Marginal Costs
    – Short Run costs and derivation of short run cost curves
    – Simple Numerical Illustrations
  4. Theory of Price and Output Determination
    – Definition and characteristics of Perfect Competition Market, Equilibrium price and Output determination of firm and industry under short run and long run.
    – Definition and characteristics of monopoly market and equilibrium price and output determination
    – Simple Numerical Illustrations
  5. Factor Pricing
    – Concept of factor pricing
    – Rent: Economics Rent, Contract Rent and Ricardian Theory of Rent
    – Wages: Real wages and money wages, Subsistence theory and wage fund theory of wage
    – Interest: Gross and Net Interest, Classical Theory of Interest
    – Profit: Gross and Net profit, Risk Bearing Theory of Profit, Uncertainty Bearing Theory of Profit
  6. Banking System and Monetary Policy
    – Role of Banking system in economy
    – Classification of Banks: Central bank, commercial bank, development banks, financial institutions and micro finance
    – Functions of central bank in the context of Nepal
    – Functions of Commercial banks in the context of Nepal
    – Concept of Capital and money market
    – Monetary Policy: Meaning and Types
    – Province wise distribution of commercial and development banks in Nepal
  7. Government Finance
    – Concept and Importance of Government Finance
    – Classification of government expenditure in the context of Nepal
    – Concept of direct and indirect taxes, progressive taxation, proportional Taxation and Regressive Taxation
    – Qualities of Good Tax System
    – Government Revenue: Tax and Non-tax Revenue
    – Government Borrowing: Internal and External Borrowing
    – Government Budget: Meaning and phases of budget formulation in Nepal
  8. International Trade
    – Concept and Importance of International Trade
    – Concept of Balance of Trade and Balance of Payment
    – Measures to correct Deficit Balance of Trade in Nepal
    – Exchange rate: Concept and types
    – Free trade and Protectionism: Merits and Demerits
    – Comparative Cost Theory of International Trade
  9. Poverty, Inequality, Unemployment and Human Resources
    – Concept of Poverty, Inequality, Unemployment
    – Causes of Poverty and Inequality and measures to reduce them
    – Types and causes of Unemployment and measure to create employment
    – Concept and role of Human Resources
    – Concept of Human development Indicators and HDI
    – Current status of Nepal’s Population: Size, Composition, distribution and growth
  10. Nepal’s Foreign Trade and Foreign Employment
    – Concept of Nepal’s Foreign Trade
    – Growth, Composition, direction and Problem of Nepalese Foreign Trade
    – Concept of WTO and SAFTA
    – Foreign Employment and Remittance: Current Status, Merits and Demerits
  11. Development Plan in Nepal
    – Concept of Development Planning
    – Objectives, Priorities and Policies of Current Plan
    – General Evaluation of Previous Plan
    – Plan formulation process in Nepal
  12. Sustainable Dvelopment Goals and Nepal
    – Concept of Sustainable Dvelopment Goals of United Nations :17 SDGs
    – Zero Poverty and Nepal
    – Zero Hunger and Nepal
    – Decent Work, Economics Growth and Nepal
    – Quality Education and Nepal
  13. Basic Statistics
    – Review of Basic concept of statistics: Definition, scope, importance and limitations
    – Data Collection: Methods of Primary Data Collection and Sources of Seocndary Data
    – Deviations, Coefficient of variation and characteristics of variance
    – Index Number: Price Index Number, Laspeyre’s and Paasche’s Index Numbers

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